Abbreviations

ACI absolute concentration index
AIS AIDS Indicator Survey
BCG Bacillus Calmette–Guérin
BGSD between-group standard deviation
BGV between-group variance
BMI body mass index
CI confidence interval
COV coefficient of variation
CRVS civil registration and vital statistics
DAG directed acyclic graph
DHS Demographic and Health Surveys
DPHS digital public health surveillance
DQA Data Quality Assurance
DTP diphtheria, tetanus toxoid and pertussis
DTP3 three doses of the combined diphtheria, tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine
EPI Expanded Programme on Immunization
GATHER Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting
GIS geographic information system
Global Fund Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
GPS Global Positioning System
GYTS Global Youth Tobacco Survey
HDI Human Development Index
HeRAMS Health Resources and Services Availability Monitoring System
HHFA Harmonized Health Facility Assessment
HiAP Health in All Policies
HPV human papillomavirus
ICD International Classification of Diseases
IDIS index of disparity
ISIDU unweighted index of disparity
IDISW weighted index of disparity
IOM International Organization for Migration
ITN insecticide-treated net
LSMS Living Standard Measurement Study
MCV1 one dose of measles-containing vaccine
MDB mean difference from best-performing subgroup
MDBU unweighted mean difference from best-performing subgroup
MDBW weighted mean difference from best-performing subgroup
MDM mean difference from mean
MDMU unweighted mean difference from mean
MDMW weighted mean difference from mean
MDR mean difference from reference point
MDRU unweighted mean difference from reference point
MDRW weighted mean difference from reference point
MICS Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys
MIRA Multi-cluster/sector Initial Rapid Assessment
MLD mean log deviation
MSNA Multi-sector Needs Assessment
NUTS Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics
O–B Oaxaca–Blinder
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PAF population attributable fraction
PAHO Pan-American Health Organization
PAR population attributable risk
PIN population impact number
PRICSSA Preferred Reporting Items for Complex Sample Survey Analysis
RCI relative concentration index
RHIS routine health information systems
RII relative index of inequality
SAGER Sex and Gender Equity in Research
SARA Service Availability and Readiness Assessment
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
SDH social determinants of health
SDI Service Delivery Indicators
SDS socioeconomic deprivation status
SDGI subnational gender development index
SII slope index of inequality
SPA Service Provision Assessment
TB tuberculosis
TI Theil index
UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund